Effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose and quercetin on the expression of osteonectin and osteopontin during the differentiation of irradiated MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells / 대한구강악안면방사선학회지

PURPOSE: To characterize the effects of 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and quercetin (QCT) on gene expression of osteonectin (ON) and osteopontin (OP) in irradiated MC3T3-E1 cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: When MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells had reached 70-80% confluence, cultures were transferred to a differentiating medium supplemented with 5 mM 2-DG or 10 micrometer QCT and then irradiated with 2, 4, 6, and 8 Gy. At various times after irradiation, the cells were analyzed for the expression of bone mineralization genes such as ON and OP. RESULTS: The mRNA expression of both ON and OP was increased according to the culture time in the differentiation medium, and the increase of the genes peaked at 14 days after the differentiation induction. In the case of OP, the increase of mRNA expression was maintained to 28 days after the differentiation, while the mRNA level of ON was reduced to the basal level at the same time. Irradiation adding 2-DG showed a significant peak value in the expression pattern of ON at 4 Gy 7 days after irradiation. Irradiation adding QCT increased the mRNA expression of ON and OP in a dose-dependant manner, but irradiation adding 2-DG did not show any differences between the control and experiments 14 days after irradiation. Irradiation adding QCT increased significantly the expression patterns of ON 21 days after irradiation. CONCLUSION: The results showed that QCT acted as a radiosensitizer in the gene expression of ON and OP during differentiation of the late stage of irradiated MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells in vitro.

Positional relationship between mandibular third molar and mandibular canal in cone beam computed tomographs / 대한구강악안면방사선학회지

PURPOSE: To provide diagnostic information by evaluation of the positional relationship between the mandibular third molar and the mandibular canal. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eighty-nine mandibular third molars were classified as mesioangular, horizontal, vertical, distoangular groups. The distances between the mandibular third molar and the mandibular canal were measured in cone-beam computed tomographs. The height and width ratios of distances from the mandibular third molar and the mandibular canal to the mandibular inferior border and to the lingual cortical plate were calculated. RESULTS: The vertical and buccolingual distances between the mandibular third molar and the mandibular canal were 0.03 mm, 2.96 mm in the mesioangular, 0.37 mm, 3.38 mm in the horizontal, -1.50 mm, 1.38 mm in the vertical, -1.10 mm, 4.20 mm in the distoangular group. There were significant differences in vertical (P0.05). The height and width ratios of distances on the mandibular third molar were 47.1%, 36.1% in the mesioangular, 47.4%, 34.4% in the horizontal, 37.0%, 46.7% in the vertical, 40.9%, 37.4% in the distoangular group. There were significant differences between the mesioangular and the vertical group, and the horizontal and the vertical group in height ratio (P0.05). CONCLUSION: The mesioangular group showed the nearest distance between the mandibular third molar and the mandibular canal vertically. The root apex of the mandibular third molar was positioned more buccally in the vertical group than in the mesioangular group.

Two cases of craniofacial dysostosis / 대한구강악안면방사선학회지

Craniofacial dysostosis is considered to be one of rarely observed syndromes characterized by premature closing of all cranial sutures. The first patient was a 4-year-old male infant who had been complaining of empyema. Clinical findings showed exophthalmos, hypertelorism and facial asymmetry. Conventional radiographs demonstrated abscence of cranial sutures and underdeveloped maxilla. CT scan demonstrated the digital impressions of the inner surface of the cranial vault, enlarged and depressed sella turcica. The second patient was a 2-year-old female infant who had been complaining of facial deformity. Clinical findings showed hypertelorism and underdeveloped maxilla. Radiographs showed premature synostosis of all cranial sutures, depressed and enlarged sella turcica, and hypoplastic maxilla. 3 years after operation, her look improved. However, resurgery may be considered to decreasing intracranial pressure and for correction of facial deformity. Two interesting cases showing 'cloverleaf'skulls were presented.

Comparative study on the osseous changes of the TMJ and mandibular asymmetry after conservative or operative treatment in condylar fracture patients / 대한구강악안면방사선학회지

PURPOSE: To compare the effects of the conservative treatment and operative treatment by observation of osseous changes of the TMJ and mandibular asymmetry in condylar fracture patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 33 condylar fracture patients (17 with conservative and 16 with operative treatment) were included in this study. After a minimum of 6 months after the surgical procedure, patients were given a follow up examination of the osseous changes using a transcranial view. Differences in the osseous changes of both groups were compared and the asymmetry indices were calculated on a postero-anterior skull view. RESULTS: The TMJ of the operative treatment group showed more significant osseous changes than the conservative treatment group. The affected TMJ showed more significant osseous changes than the unaffected TMJ in the both groups. The unaffected TMJ of the conservative group and the affected TMJ of the operative group showed significant osseous changes. The mandibular asymmetry indices in the conservative and operative group were 5.12 and 7.30 respectively at the time of treatment, and 2.39 and 3.41 respectively at the follow-up. But the mandibular asymmetry between the both groups showed no statistical differences. CONCLUSION: The TMJ of the operative group showed more significant osseous changes than the conservative group, but the mandibular asymmetry between the both groups showed no statistical difference.